Time4d #

Time abstraction and scheduler for Dart. A port of the time4k Kotlin library, providing controllable clocks and deterministic scheduling for testing.

Features #

• 🕐 Time Abstractions - Functional time sources with Clock typedef
• 🔄 Production Scheduling - SchedulerService for real async scheduling
• ⏱️ Test Time Control - FixedClock and AutoTickingClock for deterministic testing
• 📅 Deterministic Scheduling - DeterministicScheduler for predictable task execution in tests
• 🧪 Testing Support - Full control over time progression in tests
• 🎯 Dart Idiomatic - Uses Future, Duration, DateTime and sound null safety

Installation #

Add to your pubspec.yaml:

dependencies:
  time4d: ^1.0.0

dev_dependencies:
  time4d: ^1.0.0  # for testing utilities

Quick Start #

import 'package:time4d/time4d.dart';

// Basic UTC Clock
final clock = utcSystemTime;
print('Current time: ${clock()}');

// Deterministic testing
final scheduler = DeterministicScheduler.epoch();
scheduler.scheduleVoid(() => print('Task executed!'), Duration(seconds: 1));
scheduler.tick(Duration(seconds: 1)); // Execute scheduled tasks

Core Concepts #

Clock (Time Sources) #

A Clock is simply a function that returns the current time:

typedef Clock = DateTime Function();

// System time
final systemClock = utcSystemTime; // Uses DateTime.now.toUtc

// Ticking clock (truncates to specified unit)
final secondClock = tickingClock(utcSystemTime, unit: Duration(seconds: 1));

Test Time Sources #

Control time in your tests with tickable clocks:

final fixed = FixedClock(time: DateTime.fromMillisecondsSinceEpoch(0, isUtc: true));
print(fixed()); // 1970-01-01 00:00:00.000Z
fixed.tick();   // Manually advance time
print(fixed()); // 1970-01-01 00:00:01.000Z

Schedulers #

For deterministic testing and production scheduling:

// Testing - controllable time
final scheduler = DeterministicScheduler.epoch();
scheduler.scheduleVoid(() => print('Task executed!'), Duration(seconds: 1));
scheduler.tick(Duration(seconds: 1)); // Execute scheduled tasks

// Production - real async scheduling  
final prodScheduler = SchedulerService();
await prodScheduler.schedule(() async => 'result', Duration(seconds: 1));

Working with UTC Times #

Time4d operates exclusively with UTC DateTime objects for deterministic testing and cross-platform consistency. Convert to local time at the presentation layer:

final utcTime = utcSystemTime(); // Always UTC
final localTime = utcTime.toLocal(); // Convert for display

Best Practices #

1. Use factory constructors: DeterministicScheduler.epoch() for tests
2. Inject schedulers: Always make clocks and schedulers dependencies for testability
3. Clean shutdown: Always call shutdown() on production schedulers
4. Test time control: Use tick() and runUntilIdle() to control test execution
5. Avoid real time in tests: Use DeterministicScheduler instead of SchedulerService
6. Keep UTC in business logic: Convert to local timezone only at the presentation layer

Examples #

📁 Complete working examples - See the /example folder for comprehensive demos of all features including:

• Clock usage patterns
• Deterministic scheduler testing
• Production scheduler setup
• UTC timezone handling
• Real-world usage scenarios

Contributing #

Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to submit a Pull Request.

1. Fork the repository
2. Create a feature branch
3. Add tests for your changes
4. Ensure all tests pass: dart test
5. Submit a pull request

License #

This project is licensed under the Apache 2.0 License - see the LICENSE file for details.

Acknowledgments #

• Original time4k Kotlin library by the fork-handles team
• Inspiration from Java's ScheduledExecutorService and Clock abstractions
• The Dart community for excellent async/await patterns